Peirce’s sign doctrine and semiotic theory is applied to current research in life sciences. The book mostly focuses on interdisciplinary research between semiotics, linguistics and biology. Ľudmila Lacková is an executive member of the International Society for Biosemiotic Studies and vice-director of the International Semiotics Institute. Before becoming assistant professor at Charles University in Prague she chaired the Department of General Linguistics at Palacký University (2021-2024). Her research includes biosemiotics, AI, linguistics and cognition.